have come to believe that this does not provide any line of escape
from the contradiction between divine foreknowledge and freedom
as conceived by the libertarian. A different and highly ingenious
line of escape was explored a century after Aquinas by John Wyclif,
who maintained that human beings' present and future actions
had, in a certain sense, power to affect God's past knowledge. This
is the topic of the final essay in the section. Chapter 8 first appeared
in a collection of critical essays on Aquinas published by
Doubleday in 1969; chapter 9 was read to a Wyclif centenary
conference in Oxford in 1985 and will be published in the
proceedings of that conference.

The two essays in the final section concern the frontiers between
religion and morality. Arguments concerning the morality of
abortion are almost always intertwined with the pros and cons of
particular religious world-views. In chapter 10 I argue that though
a judgement about the permissibility of abortion does presuppose a
metaphysical judgement about the identity and nature of the
foetus, it is possible to separate the metaphysical issue from the
religious one. This paper, which is the most recent in the collection,
is in a collection of papers on bioethics presented at King's College,
London, entitled Medicine in Contemporary Society: King's College
Studies ( 1986-7). The final paper was a public lecture, the Daweid
Azfar memorial lecture, delivered before an invited audience in
Karachi, in 1985. It concerns the relationship between religion and
the state and was invited as a Western contribution to the lively
debate in Pakistan on the role of religious tradition within a
modern Islamic state.

ANTHONY KENNY

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