PREVIOUS to the Reformation the Western Church
taught that there were seven Sacraments. These were:
Holy Baptism, Confirmation, the Lord's Supper,
Penance, Extreme Unction, Holv Matrimony and Holy
Orders. The symbols for these are the font, a dove, a
chalice, a whip, an oil stock, clasped hands and a stole.

After the Reformation two diverse tendencies appeared
among the reformed bodies. The Lutheran group held
firmly to the doctrine of Baptismal Regeneration, and the
Real Presence of our Lord's Body and Blood, in, with and
under the bread and wine, which doctrine all orthodox
Lutherans hold firmly to this day. The Lutheran bodies
still lay utmost stress upon Confirmation, but look upon it
as a sacred rite, but not a Sacrament that may be insisted
upon as essential to salvation. They still retain Ordination,
Holy Matrimony, Confession and Absolution, and one
who dies in the faith is given the Last Sacrament. But
Ordination, Holy Matrimony and Confession and Absolu-
tion are regarded as very solemn rites, but are not called
Sacraments.

The Calvinistic bodies retain Holy Baptism and the

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