IN THE realm of primary sources, the newspaper presents the
best over-all record of the rise and development of Milwaukee.
The holdings of the Milwaukee Public Library in this field are
highly representative and remarkably complete. They include, for
the English press, the Milwaukee Sentinel ( 1837--date); Daily Wis-
consin ( 1847-68), Evening Wisconsin ( 1868-1918), and Wisconsin
News ( 1918-37), continued as Milwaukee News ( 1937-39); Mil-
waukee Daily News, variously titled ( 1855-1918); Milwaukee Jour-
nal ( 1882--date); Free Press ( 1901-18); and Milwaukee Leader
( 1911-39); for the German press, Seebote ( 1864-66, 1870, 1890-99);
Germania ( 1873-1924); Herold, variously titled ( 1863-66, 1883-90,
1897-1932); and Deutsche Zeitung ( 1933-date); for the Polish
press, Nowiny Polskie ( 1913-20) and Kuryer Polski ( 1885--date);
and for the Slavic press, Domacnost ( 1916-18, 1920-23, 1925-30);
Jugoslovenski Obzor ( 1929-38, complete; 1939-41, scattered); and
Cechoslovák ( 1931-41). Many publications with a shorter exis-
tence, in both the English and the foreign-language field, are also
represented. The newspaper division of the State Historical Society
of Wisconsin contains, in addition to many publications for the later
period, holdings which are especially valuable for the early years.
Among other items, these include the Milwaukee Advertiser ( July
1836--June 1837, 1838-40); Wiskonsin-Banner, first German paper
( 1844-55, scattered); Wisconsin Banner und Volksfreund ( 1855-
85); Milwaukee Courier ( 1841-44, 1845-47); Freidenker ( 1872-
1917); and Wisconsin Vorwärts ( 1894-98). Available at the Mil-
waukee County Historical Society are the Milwaukee Leader, the
Social-Democratic Herald ( 1897-1913), and issues of The Voice of
the People. A W.P.A. project to index the Milwaukee Sentinel, for
the reason that it was the oldest Milwaukee newspaper with a con-
tinuous existence, resulted in the preparation of a card index, ar-
ranged by subject and personal name, for all local items appearing
in the Sentinel between 1837 and 1879. This index is in the pos-

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