THE next figure in this group of literary men in the
reign of Juan II is the redoubtable Marquis of Santil-
lana, Íñigo Lopez de Mendoza ( 1398-1458). San-
tillana, came of a family already distinguished for its
literary abilities, and destined to become still more
so. I do not remember to have read of any group of
kinsmen, anywhere, of such eminence in literature.
Pedro López de Ayala, Fernán Pérez. de Guzmán
( 1378-1460), Jorge Manrique ( 1440-1478), Gar-
cilaso de la Vega ( 1503-1536), and Diego Hurtado
de Mendoza ( 1503-1575) were all, in their several
generations, of his kith and kin. All are Spanish
classics. In person Santillana was handsome and
of a good figure, and in private life a quiet, agree-
able, well-bred, cultivated gentleman. Hernando del
Pulgar ( 1436-1492) says: "Dentro de sí tenía una hu-
mildad que le facía amigo de Dios"; but in public life
he was an ambitious, covetous, revengeful man, one
of those envious noblemen who hounded Don Álvaro
de Luna to his death. And afterward, with a vulgar
lack of magnanimity, he wrote moralizing verses
called the Doctrinal de Privados (the Lesson of Favor-
ites), in which his fallen enemy is made to confess
manifold sins and wickednesses.

In literature, Santillana was governed by his

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