This book was made possible by the generous Arnold W.
Brunner Scholarship--and extension--awarded the author
by the New York Chapter of the American Institute of
Architects. Deep appreciation goes to the founder of this
wonderful series of grants and to the chapter that ad-
ministers them. Many projects in architectural research
would not have been possible without such support.

In Europe several architects and editors were most
helpful with ideas and guidance: the members of Arbeits-
gruppe 4 in Vienna, Pierre Vago in Paris, and very par-
ticularly indeed, Jim Richards in London. John Engh in
Oslo, Erik Christian Sørensen in Copenhagen, the office of
Inter Nationes in Bonn, Alfred Roth in Zürich, and
Ernesto Rogers in Milan also offered many useful sug-
gestions.

In the United States Douglas Haskell of Architectural
Forum and Thomas Creighton of Progressive Architecture
were ever generous with facilities and ideas. Each meant
a great deal in assembling this material, as did Frederick
Gutheim of Washington, D.C. Per Guldbeck of Coopers-
town, New York, aided in translations; Nancy Smith
Druse of Richfield Springs, New York, beautifully typed
the manuscript under pressure conditions; and Prof. Al-
bert Bush-Brown of M.I.T. cast his knowing eye over
much material, always to its betterment. Eunice Sudak's
eagle eye and well-pointed blue pencil honed every
page. Columbia University's Avery Library--an un-
equaled archive of architectural knowledge--was of con-
stant use, and its director, Adolf Placzek, was a never-
failing source of information. My wife's discerning touch
and suggestions can be seen throughout. To all of the
above and to the many architects in Europe who so
kindly furnished information my deep gratitude.

Finally to Arthur Cohen, Vice President of The World
Publishing Company, who undertook this guide, and to
Elaine Lustig, who beautifully put it together, my thanks
and admiration.

G.E.K.S.

-7-