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Li briefly outlines three generations of intelligence research over the past 100 years with attention to the origins and limitations of early investigations and the resulting confusion and disagreement in modern reinterpretations of the findings. He discerns an emerging consensus among scholars and ...

Li briefly outlines three generations of intelligence research over the past 100 years with attention to the origins and limitations of early investigations and the resulting confusion and disagreement in modern reinterpretations of the findings. He discerns an emerging consensus among scholars and researchers that intelligence should be considered primarily as a product of thinking and learning. To find the essence of how thinking is possible and what learning is, Li investigates theory and research in cognitive psychology, developmental linguistics, animal behavior, and many other related disciplines. He proposes the notion of conceptual intelligence, i.e., human intelligence, as a result of thinking and learning through concepts. Li traces how the human species created concepts, and how conceptual thinking and conceptual learning make the human species intelligent and creative. There is nothing mysterious, intuitive, or innate about it. Our past thinking and learning has created the intelligence of today,and will continue to create our intelligence in the future. How to think deeper and learn better are the difficult questions for us now as we consciously venture into new arenas of problem-solving and cognition.

Creativity often involves the development of original ideas that are useful or influential. Most research and writing on creativity has focused on individual creativity. However, with the information explosion and growing necessity of specialisation, the development of innovations will increasingly ...

Creativity often involves the development of original ideas that are useful or influential. Most research and writing on creativity has focused on individual creativity. However, with the information explosion and growing necessity of specialisation, the development of innovations will increasingly require group interaction at some stage of the process. Most organisations and much of the scientific process now rely on work of teams with diverse skills and knowledge. Fortunately, in recent years there has been an increasing acknowledgement of the importance of social and contextual factors in creativity. Group Creativity summarises the exciting new developments in the research on the processes involved in group or team creativity and innovation. The volume draws from a broad range of perspectives, such as cognition, groups, creativity, information systems, and organisational psychology. These different perspectives have been brought together in one volume in order to focus attention on this developing literature and its implication for theory and application. The chapters of this volume are organized into two sections. The first section deals with group processes in creative groups, and considers issues of cognitive fixation and flexibility, group diversity, minority dissent, group decision-making, brainstorming, and group support systems. Special attention is devoted to the various processes that can inhibit or facilitate group creativity. Although much research on group processes has demonstrated that groups often fail to meet their productivity or problem solving potential, recent studies have highlighted conditions and processes related to effective functioning of teams or groups that work on creative tasks. The second section deals with the impact of various contextual or environmental factors on the creative group process. The chapters deal with issues of group autonomy, group socialisation, mentoring, team innovation, knowledge transfer, and creativity at the level of cultures and societies. It is argued that a full understanding of group creativity cannot be accomplished without adequate attention to the group environment. The volume provides a basis for future theoretical development and application. It will be a useful source of information for scholars, practitioners and students and can be used as a textbook on courses on creativity and innovation.