reasoning and deduction - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library

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Natural Deduction: The Logical Basis of Axiom Systems

Book by John M. Anderson, Henry W. Johnstone Jr.; Wadsworth Publishing, 1962

Subjects:

Logic, Symbolic And Mathematical, Metamathematics

Collections: Philosophy, Entire Library

...rules for the propositional reasoning that underlies mathematical...analysis of what is meant by deduction and proof. Deductive reasoning...of these being "What is deduction?" In Chapter One, we began...although it is restricted to deductions using propositional rules...something of the nature of a deduction. We have agreed that a sequence...
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Methods of Thought: Individual Differences in Reasoning Strategies

Book by Maxwell J. Roberts, Elizabeth J. Newton; Psychology Press, 2004

Subjects:

Methodology, Reasoning (Psychology)

Collections: Psychology, Entire Library

...J. (1993). Human reasoning: The psychology of deduction . Hove, UK: Lawrence...Newell, A. (1995). Deduction as verbal reasoning. Psychological Review...J. (1993). Human reasoning: Deduction rules or mental models...
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Deductive Reasoning and Strategies

Book by Walter Schaeken, Gino De Vooght, André Vandierendonck, Géry D'Ydewalle; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2000

Subjects:

Reasoning (Psychology)

Collections: Psychology, Entire Library

...M. J. 1993 . Human reasoning: The psychology of deduction . Hove, UK: Lawrence...Newell, A. 1995 . "Deduction as verbal reasoning". Psychological Review...J. 1993 . "Human reasoning: Deduction rules or mental models...
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Rules for Reasoning

Book by Richard E. Nisbett; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1993

Subjects:

Reasoning

Collections: Philosophy, Entire Library

...K. J. 1985 . "Pragmatic reasoning schemas". Cognitive Psychology...approaches to training deductive reasoning". Cognitive Psychology...Pragmatic constraints on causal deduction. Summary ". Proceedings...T. 1990 . Bias in human reasoning: Causes and consequences...
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Psychology of Reasoning: Theoretical and Historical Perspectives

Book by Ken Manktelow, Man Cheung Chung; Psychology Press, 2004

Subjects:

Reasoning (Psychology)

Collections: Psychology, Entire Library

...designed to assess logical deduction, but on which there...in the psychology of reasoning, and can only gain in...1999), who argues that reasoning is all about belief revision...hence that deductive reasoning is not reasoning, since...

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Conditional Reasoning in the Context of Strategy Development in the Logical Deduction Game 'Mastermind'

Journal article by John Best; North American Journal of Psychology, Vol. 8, 2006

Subjects:

Board games, Cognition, Logic, Reasoning

Collections: Entire Library

...Mastermind is a conditional reasoning task in addition to...the timing of those deductions relative to deductions that were potentially...Participants used a deduction form to indicate which...to win in a logical deduction game, if they werent...are concerned with deductions based on conditional reasoning. Participants may...
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Reasoning from False Premises: the Role of Soundness in Making Logical Deductions

Journal article by Valerie A. Thompson; Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 50, 1996

Subjects:

Logic, Problem solving, Psychology, Thinking skills

Collections: Psychology, Entire Library

Reasoning from False Premises: the...Soundness in Making Logical Deductions by Valerie A. Thompson...of the premises affects reasoning performance. Consequently...a minor role in peoples reasoning judgments. In contrast...
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Suitable for Framing: Business Deductions in a Net Income Tax System

Journal article by David I. Walker; William and Mary Law Review, Vol. 52, 2011

Subjects:

Corporate governance--Laws, regulations and rules, Corporate income taxes--Laws, regulations and rules, Internal Revenue Code--I.R.C. 162, Tax deductions--Laws, regulations and rules, Tax expenditures--Laws, regulations and rules, Tax penalties--Laws, regulations and rules

Collections: Entire Library

...observers tend to adopt a pre-deduction, gross income baseline. Given that baseline, these deductions appear to be pro-taxpayer deviations...remain in properly characterizing deductions. The deduction for charitable contributions is...2001). (80.) Some nonbusiness deductions, such as the personal income tax deduction for home mortgage interest payments...
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Home Office Deduction

Journal article by Gary M. Fleishman, Thomas H. Payne; Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 187, 1999

Subjects:

Commissioner v. Soliman--71 A.F.T.R.2d (P-H) 93-463 (U.S. 1993), Home offices--Taxation, Internal Revenue Code--I.R.C. 280A(c)(1)(A), Tax deductions--Laws, regulations, etc.

Collections: Entire Library

...may claim a business deduction for allocated home...taxes as itemized deductions even if they do not...rejected Solimans deductions, reasoning that his home office...the test to take a deduction. However, as a practical...Court denied Solimans deductions because he failed...
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A Law and Economics Perspective on the Personal Consumption Deduction in Wrongful Death Litigation

Journal article by Thomas O. Depperschmidt; Journal of Legal Economics, Vol. 7, 1998

Subjects:

Consumption, Deaths, Economic theory, Litigation, Tax deductions, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...the Personal Consumption Deduction in Wrongful Death Litigation...the personal consumption deduction percentage in litigation...survivors standard of living reasoning to justify nondeduction of...public goods as a block deduction", are far too low. That...the personal consumption deductions are made, the remainder...

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Marital Deduction Unavailable to Non-marital Trust

Magazine article; The CPA Journal, Vol. 63, March 1993

Subjects:

98 TC 47, Estate administration, Estate taxes, Executors, IRS disallowance, Impacts, Internal Revenue Code, Marital deductions, Qualified Terminable Interest Property, Section 2056(B)(7), Tax court decisions, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...million). The marital deduction, together with other deductions claimed, resulted...disallowed the marital deduction for the two residuary...the will". The same reasoning was applied in reviewing...issues was based on the reasoning of last years decision...granting the marital deduction despite the contingency...
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U.s. Supreme Court Limits Home-office Deduction

Magazine article by Peter Barton, Clayton Sager; The CPA Journal, Vol. 63, April 1993

Subjects:

Home office deduction, IRS disallowance, Principal place of business, Revenue procedures & rulings, Supreme Court decisions, Tax deductions, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...Court Limits Home-office Deduction by Peter Barton , Clayton...case on the home-office deduction, the Court ruled the taxpayers...rejected the lower courts reasoning. Pointing out that "principal...claimed the home-office deduction in reliance on either of...that it would not challenge deductions taken on prior years returns...
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IRS Revisits Commuting Expense Deductions

Magazine article by Kaye F. McClung; The CPA Journal, Vol. 70, June 2000

Subjects:

Home office deduction, Internal Revenue Code -- Section 162, Internal Revenue Code -- Section 280A, Revenue procedures & rulings -- Rev. Rul. 99-7, Tax court decisions, Tax legislation, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...sites and his residence, reasoning that these expenses were...business under the home-office deduction standards, it was established...therefore, disallowed the deduction for various home office expenses...purposes of the home office deduction. The IRS amended IRC section...IRS will allow home office deductions only if the taxpayer uses...
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Estate Entitled to Marital Deduction for Qtip Election

Magazine article by Frank G. Colella; The CPA Journal, Vol. 65, February 1995

Subjects:

97 TC 327, 98 TC 678, Federal court decisions, Internal Revenue Code, Marital deductions, Powers of appointment, Qualified Terminable Interest Property, Section 2056(B)(7), Tax court decisions, Tax elections, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...estate claimed a marital deduction in the amount of $27.7...million). This marital deduction, together with other deductions claimed, resulted in an...IRS disallowed the marital deduction for the two residuary marital...in the will." The same reasoning applied to the review of...
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Tax Court Limits Trust Deductions

Magazine article by David Schaengold; The CPA Journal, Vol. 76, April 2006

Subjects:

Investment advisors, Professional fees, Tax court decisions -- 124 TC 19, Tax deductions, Trusts, United States

Collections: Entire Library

...an individual taxpayers deduction is limited to the amount...other miscellaneous itemized deductions, exceeds 2% of the taxpayers...AGI floor for miscellaneous deductions. But the Sixth Circuit Appeals...court ruling denying a full deduction to Mellon Bank as trustee...The court explained its reasoning and described why the issue...

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Attack on Sherlocks of the Met; Deduction: Scotland Yard Are Accused of Policing in the Style of Sherlock Holmes

Newspaper article; The Evening Standard (London, England), October 28, 2008

Subjects:

United Kingdom. Metropolitan Police Office

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

Attack on Sherlocks of the Met; Deduction: Scotland Yard Are Accused of Policing in the Style of Sherlock...Doyle. Renowned for his intellectual prowess and "deductive reasoning" he first appeared in Doyles story A Study in Scarlet in 1887...
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Investment Allowance Confusing

Newspaper article; The Chronicle (Toowoomba, Australia), May 30, 2009

Subjects:

Tax deductions

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...decision. Confusing a tax deduction with money back is one of...promotional material. A 50% tax deduction is not 50% off the price...investment allowance is a tax deduction you can claim for purchasing...investment allowance was the false reasoning the flyer was using to say...
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Learning to Think, One Move at a Time; Playing Chess Helps Youths with School, Discipline

Newspaper article; The Washington Times, July 27, 2003

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...children or anyone else who shows an interest in learning the game for free. "This game teaches life skills - reasoning, deduction, discipline, etiquette. Theres an educational component as well. Youve got to study, and its an ongoing game...
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The Brutal Sex Attack That Nearly Destroyed Cecil Parkinson's Child; (1) Absent Father: Lord Parkinson with His Wife Ann in 1997 (2) Glamour: Sara Was Cecil Parkinson's Commons Secretary in the Eighties (3) Loving Support: From Early on, Flora, Here Aged Six, Had Health Problems (4) Unbreakable Bond: Sara Keays with Daughter Flora, Who Is Approaching Her 25th Birthday

Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), November 15, 2008

Subjects:

Parkinson, Cecil

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...brain tumour. As a consequence she lost part of her brain, including the right frontal lobe, which deals with reasoning and deduction. It has left her with serious social and learning difficulties. She also suffers from Aspergers syndrome...
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The Trial of the Century; How Killer Took on Cops and Lawyers in Drama That Amazed Scotland

Newspaper article; Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), July 11, 2008

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...them." The real quality of his brainpower was demonstrated in his closing speech where he relied on logic, reasoning and deduction to put forward his views with skilled debating qualities. At the end of the proceedings - but before the verdict...

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Deduction

Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

DEDUCTION in logic , form of inference...legs. Logicians contrast deduction with induction , in which...the premises are true. Deduction has to do with necessity...one species of deductive reasoning, which was greatly extended...
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Induction , in Logic

Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...Induction is contrasted with deduction , in which true premises do...induction is the process of reasoning from the particular to the...principles already known (deduction), new hypotheses are formulated...results may be determined by deduction. David Hume has influenced...
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Logic

Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...stressed by the nominalists. Inductive Reasoning In the 19th cent. John Stuart Mill noticed...logic, but is concerned with inductive reasoning, moving from the specific to the general...just as Aristotle established rules of deduction. Mathematics and Logic With the development...
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Science

Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009

Collections: Religious Studies, Education, Psychology, History, Literature, Philosophy, Entire Library

...generalization, or hypothesis, is formed, usually by inductive reasoning, and this in turn leads by deductive logic to a number of...by further observations and experiments (see induction ; deduction ). If the conclusions drawn from the original hypothesis...

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Books: 2,389

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Books on: reasoning and deduction

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