1.
economics
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......see distribution). The essence of economics lies in the fact that resources are...concern of economists. The field of economics has undergone a remarkable expansion in the 20th cent. as the world economy has grown increasingly large and complex...government, and higher education (see economic ......
2.
competition (in economics)
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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...competition, in economics, rivalry in supplying or acquiring an economic service or good. Sellers...the 19th cent. classical economic theorists had come to regard...demand within a free market economy. The price of an item was...it.A major theme in the history of competition has been the...L. ......
3.
commerce (in economics)
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......geographical, technological, or economic advantages. The Egyptians...Organization.In 1957 the European Economic Community was created, and...created a unified West European economy in 1993 (see European Union...America. Nonetheless, national economic interests have been difficult...BibliographySee ......
4.
capitalism
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......market wholly determine the economy. The collapse of the Soviet...capitalism's traditional economic opponent, socialism; while...over many aspects of the economy. In China, Communist economic principles were gradually abandoned...Heilbroner and L. C. Thurow, Economics Explained (1987); ......
5.
Rostow, Walt Whitman
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......61) a professor of economic history at Massachusetts Institute...1969) professor of economics and history at the Univ. of Texas. An important economic theorist, Rostow formulated...1971) and The World Economy (1978)....
6.
Reagan, Ronald Wilson
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......pursuing his supply-side economic program of tax and...see supply-side economics). Adopting a hardline...spending in American history; in 1983 he proposed...recession in 1982, the economy picked up between 1983...the strength of the economic rebound, the successful...The Age of Reagan: A ......
7.
political science
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......such as sociology, psychology, and economics. In practice, these subfields overlap...following related areas: the study of the history of political thought; the examination...international law, diplomacy, political economy, international organizations, and...can be found throughout intellectual ......
8.
Weber, Max (German sociologist)
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......orthodox Marxian view of the time that economics was the preeminent determining factor...statistical sociology in the study of economic policy. Among his other books are Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft [economy and society] (4th ed. 1956) and General Economic History (1924, tr. 1927). See From ......
9.
Civil War (in U.S. history)
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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...Civil War, in U.S. history, conflict (1861–65) between the Northern states (the...but a sectional combat having its roots in political, economic, social, and psychological elements so complex that historians...the South remained almost completely agricultural, with an economy and a social order largely ......
10.
labor (in economics)
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The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed., 2012
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......peonage. See J. R. Commons et al., History of Labour in the United States (4 vol...1966); G. D. H. Cole, A Short History of the British Working-Class Movement...A. Kuhn, Labor: Institutions and Economics (rev. ed. 1967); A. A. Paradis......