Doing this analysis teaches students to recognize and describe the strategies writers use. In addition to helping students develop the metacognitive awareness necessary for critical reflection on their own work, such activities can provide the basis for discussion of students' roles as peer readers and make students better able to support other writers in the classroom.
Bowen B. ( 1989). Talking about writing: Collaborative revision in peer writing conferences. Doctoral dissertation. Carnegie Mellon University.
Bridwell L. ( 1980). "Revising strategies in twelfth-grade students' transactional writing". Research in the Teaching of English, 14 (3), 197-222.
Bruffee K. ( 1984). "Collaborative learning and the conversation of mankind." College English, 46(7), 635-652.
Calkins L. ( 1986). The art of teaching writing. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Carnicelli T. A. ( 1980). "The writing conference: A one-to-one conversation". In P. Donovan & B. McClelland (Eds.), Eight approaches to teaching composition (pp. 101-132). Urbana, IL: NCTE.
Cazden C. B. ( 1983). "Peekaboo as an instructional model: Discourse development at home and at school". In B. Bain (Ed.), The sociogenesis of language and human conduct (pp. 33-58). New York: Plenum.
Flower L. ( 1988). "The construction of purpose in writing and reading". College English, 50, 5: 528-550.
Flower L. & Hayes J. R. ( 1984). "Images, plans, and prose: The representation of meaning in writing". Written Communications, 1: 120-160.
Freedman S. W. ( 1982). Student-teacher conversations about writing: Shifting topics in the writing conference. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Conference on College Composition and Communication, San Francisco.
Freedman S. ( 1985). The role of response in the acquisition of written language. Final Report to the NIE; NIE-G-083-0065.
Freedman S. W. & Greenleaf S. ( 1984). The acquisition of skill: Intuition and conscious knowledge during instruction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New Orleans.
Freedman S. W. & Sperling M. ( 1985). "Written language acquisition: The role of response and the writing conference". In S. W. Freedman (Ed.), The acquisition of written language. Revision and response. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Graves D. ( 1983). Writing: Teachers and children at work. Exeter, NH: Heinemann Educational Books.
Hayes J. R., Flower L., Schriver K., Stratman J., & Carey L. ( 1987). "Cognitive processes in revision". In S. Rosenberg (Ed.), Advances in applied psycholinguistics, Vol. II (pp. 176- 240). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jacobs S. & Karliner A. ( 1977). "Helping writers to think: The effect of speech rate in individual conferences on the quality of thought in student writing". College English, 38, 489-505.
Meier T. ( 1985). The social dynamics of writing development: An ethnographic study of writing development and classroom dialogue in a Basic Writing classroom. Doctoral dissertation. Harvard University Graduate School of Education.
Michaels S., Ulichny P., & Watson-Gego K. ( 1986). Writing conferences: Innovation or familiar routine? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
Murray D. M. ( 1979). "The listening eye". College English, 41, 1: 13-18.
Murray D. M. ( 1982). "Teaching the other self: The writer's first reader". College Composition and Communication, 33, 2: 140-147.
-199-